Technical White Paper: Ib qho kev sib sib zog nqus rau hauv LFT Manufacturing Process

Executive Summary

Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb ntawm Long Fiber Thermoplastics (LFT) tsis yog cov khoom siv los ntawm ib leeg; lawv yog cov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha ntawm kev ua kom zoo, ntau- txheej txheem tsim khoom tsim los khaws cov cuab tam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws:fiber ntev. Qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm qhov ntev fiber ntau skeletal network nyob rau hauv ib qhov kawg molded ib feem yog lub hauv paus ntawm LFT lub renowned superiority nyob rau hauv tej yam lub zog, creep resistance, thiab seem stability ntawm luv luv - fiber ntau counterparts. Cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis no muab cov kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav ntawm peb tus ncej ntawm LFT tsim cov nqi saw:1) Pultrusion thiab Impregnation, 2) Txias thiab Pelletizing, thiab3) Tshwj xeeb txhaj tshuaj molding. Nws yog lub hom phiaj kom pom cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, cov khoom siv hauv qab no, thiab kev tswj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm txhua theem uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev qhib lub peev xwm ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ntej. Kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv LFT kom muaj zog, lub teeb yuag, thiab tus nqi - tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Fig. 1: Qhov kawg-rau- xaus LFT txheej txheem tsim khoom, los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov khoom tiav.

Peb Pillars ntawm LFT Manufacturing

Theem 1:Pultrusion & Impregnation

Lub hauv paus theem no hloov cov ntaub ntawv raw mus rau hauv ib qho kev sib txuas txuas ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem pib nrog ntau txhiab qhov txuas ntxiv fiber ntau rovings (feem ntau E- iav los yog carbon) raug kos los ntawm spools thiab ua tib zoo coj los ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm impregnation tuag. Qhov no yog "pultrusion" (rub-extrusion) nam. Ib txhij, cov thermoplastic matrix polymer (xws li, PP, PA6, TPU, PPS) yog melted nyob rau hauv ib tug siab - precision extruder thiab txhaj rau hauv tib neeg tuag nyob rau hauv kev tswj siab. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom ua tiavflawless thiab ua tiav wetting (impregnation)ntawm txhua qhov fiber ntau filament los ntawm molten polymer. Kev ntub dej tsis tiav- tawm ua rau cov chaw qhuav thiab voids, uas dhau los ua cov ntsiab lus tsis ua haujlwm. Lub viscosity ntawm lub polymer, kab ceev, thiab lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub tuag yog meticulously tswj los xyuas kom meej tag nrho cov saturation yam tsis tau tso ntau shear kev nyuaj siab rau cov fibers, uas yuav ua rau kom ntxov ntxov tawg. Ib qho kev sib txuas lus muaj zog, feem ntau txhim kho los ntawm cov tshuaj sizing ntawm cov fibers, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev hloov kev ntxhov siab los ntawm matrix mus rau cov fibers reinforcing nyob rau hauv qhov kawg.

Theem 2:Txias & Pelletizing

Thaum cov ntaub ntawv impregnated tag nrho-tam sim no hu ua strands- tawm ntawm qhov tuag, lawv raug xa tawm tam sim los ntawm txoj kab txias. Cov theem no siv cov dej da dej los yog cua txias kom nrawm thiab sib npaug ntawm cov thermoplastic matrix, xauv tam sim no - cov fibers tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Qhov kev tswj kom txias no yog qhov tseem ceeb los tswj cov crystallinity thiab tiv thaiv cov kev ntxhov siab seem. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom sib txuas ua kom txias, txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv lub siab -ceev, precision cutter, los yog pelletizer. Lub tshuab no siv lub rotor nrog cov hniav ntse kom huv si chop cov strands rau hauv cylindrical pellets ntawm qhov ntev, feem ntau12mm (1/2 nti), tab sis qee zaum muaj li ntawm 10mm mus rau 25mm. Cov kauj ruam no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: qhov ntev ntawm cov pellet dictates thawj qhov ntev ntawm cov fibers uas yuav nkag mus rau lub tshuab txhaj tshuaj molding. Txhua pellet muaj ntau txhiab tus zoo sib xws, unidirectional fibers, txhua qhov sib koom tib qhov ntev li cov pellet nws tus kheej. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov siab tshaj plaws fiber ntau ntev yog nqa mus rau theem kawg molding.

Kauj Ruam 3:Tshwj xeeb Txhaj Molding

Kev hloov pauv zaum kawg ntawm pellet mus rau ib feem tshwm sim ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding, tab sis qhov no yog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas tau tshem tawm ntawm cov txheej txheem molding ntawm cov yas tsis tau ntim. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog musminimize fiber ntau attrition (breakage). Ob lub tshuab thiab pwm yog optimized rau lub hom phiaj no. Lub tshuab txhaj tshuaj molding yog nruab nrog lub tshuab tsim tshwj xeebqis-shear screwthiab ib qho dawb- flow check valve kom maj mam yaj thiab xa cov pellets yam tsis muaj aggressively chopping cov fibers. Rov qab siab yog khaws cia rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Cov cuab yeej pwm yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug, muaj qhov loj, puv - cov neeg sib tw khiav thiab cov rooj vag loj loj (xws li, tab lossis cov rooj vag kiv cua) kom tso cai rau cov molten composite ntws mus rau hauv kab noj hniav nrog kev txwv tsawg. Raws li cov khoom txhaj tshuaj, cov fibers ntev ntws, kev taw qhia, thiab entangle, thaum kawg tsim ib qho kev sib cuam tshuam, peb -sib nqus skeletal network thoob plaws ib feem. Lub network no yog dab tsi muab qhov tshwj xeeb txhua yam khoom. Kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj nrawm, siab, thiab pwm kub yog qhov tseem ceeb los cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg ntawm kev taw qhia fiber ntau, tswj cov kab vuam lub zog, thiab ua kom zoo ib yam, siab -qhov kev ua tau zoo tom qab txhaj tshuaj.

Vim li cas Kev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem yog Tus yuam sij rau Kev Ua Haujlwm

Cov theem ua ntej qhia txog qhov tseeb tseem ceeb hauv LFT thev naus laus zis:txheej txheem*yog* cov khoom. Kev ua tsis tiav ntawm txhua theem muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev ncaj ncees. Piv txwv li, impregnation tsis zoo nyob rau theem 1 ua rau cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog uas tsis muaj peev txheej molding kev txawj ntse hauv Theem 3 tuaj yeem kho. Ib yam li ntawd, kev txhoj puab heev, siab -shear ntsia hlau hauv lub tshuab molding tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ceev faj pultrusion thiab pelletizing ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev tawg cov fibers mus rau luv luv - fiber ntau lengths. Kev paub tseeb ntawm LFT kev tsim khoom yog nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab thiab tswj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov theem no. Nws yog qhov kawg no -mus rau- kawg cov txheej txheem tswj uas ua kom muaj cov pob txha muaj zog sab hauv fiber ntau, uas ncaj qha txhais rau cov kev cuam tshuam zoo dua, txo qis qis, thiab txhim kho cov qauv kev ntseeg siab uas cov neeg siv khoom nyob ntawm.

Cov Ntsiab Cai Tswj Xyuas Qhov Zoo