Cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm
Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau yog ib hom muaj zog, siab-modulus, mos, thiab machinable fiber ntau nrog cov khoom zoo ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer / Yas, CFRP tau siv dav hauv cov chaw siv hluav taws xob, aerospace, khoom siv tub rog, kev tsheb ciav hlau, thiab cov khoom ua si. Kev thov thoob ntiaj teb rau carbon fiber tau mus txog 107, 000 tons hauv 2020 thiab txuas ntxiv mus. Guangzhou Saio's "2020 Ntiaj Teb Carbon Fiber Composites Market Report" kwv yees tias lub ntiaj teb carbon fiber xav tau yuav tawg 200, 000 tons hauv 2025.
Nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm CFRP, ntau thiab ntau cov pov tseg yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua, siv, thiab pov tseg. Piv txwv li, cua tshuab hluav taws xob tau nce sai hauv xyoo tas los no, tab sis lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov hniav tsuas yog 20-30 xyoo. Los ntawm 2030, cov hniav pov tseg ntawm CFRP cua zog yuav ncav cuag kaum txhiab tons hauv ib xyoos. Hauv kev lag luam dav hlau dav hlau, ze li ntawm 8,500 lub dav hlau thoob ntiaj teb yuav so haujlwm los ntawm 2025, thiab kev rov ua dua ntawm CFRP pov tseg los ntawm lawv lub cev yog qhov nyuaj. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm tib neeg kev paub txog ib puag ncig, cov kev cai ib puag ncig thiab cov kev cai ntawm CFRP pov tseg tau dhau los ua nruj dua. Yuav ua li cas thiaj li siv tau cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau rau kev rov ua dua tshiab tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem kub tam sim no.
Cov resin siv hauv kev ua CFRP tau muab faib ua cov khoom siv thermoplastic thiab cov thermosetting resin. Txoj kev rov qab los ntawm thermoplastic resin matrix composites yog qhov yooj yim, tab sis qhov viscosity ntawm cov thermoplastic resin nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem melting yog siab, qhov adhesion ntawm resin ntawm fiber ntau yog tsis zoo, thiab cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tsis zoo, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm. ntawm cov khoom. Tam sim no, CFRP matrix yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov thermosetting resin, xws li unsaturated resin, phenolic resin, thiab epoxy resin. Tom qab kho, cov thermosetting resin yuav tsim peb-dimensional network cross-linked qauv, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev ntawm CFRP piv nrog cov thermoplastic resin.
CFRP rov qab technology
CFRP tsis tuaj yeem degraded ib txwm, incineration los yog landfill yog txoj kev kho thaum ntxov, tab sis CFRP pov tseg incineration yuav tsim ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj lom thiab teeb meem gases, thiab cuam tshuam rau lub ntuj puag ncig, tib lub sij hawm, landfill incineration pov tseg residue kuj yuav ua rau av. cov pa phem thib ob; Kev kho cov av pov tseg ntawm CFRP pov tseg yuav ua rau cov av tsis zoo thiab nyob hauv ntau qhov av. Daim ntawv no tsuas yog qhia txog daim ntawv thov ntawm cov txheej txheem rov qab, cov txheej txheem rov ua kom sov, thiab cov txheej txheem rov qab hnyav hauv CFRP rov qab, thiab piav qhia txog cov teeb meem thiab kev cia siab ntawm txhua txoj hauv kev siv tswv yim.
(1) Mechanical rov qab txoj kev. Cov txheej txheem rov ua haujlwm yog dov thiab zom CFRP pov tseg nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab quab yuam kom cov pa roj carbon fiber yog stripped los ntawm resin matrix, resin hais thiab luv carbon fiber tau tom qab kev kho mob. Lub millimeter nplai txiav fiber ntau tuaj yeem siv los ua lub tsev muab tub lim, thiab micron nplai txiav fiber ntau tuaj yeem siv los ua cov muab tub lim ntawm daim ntawv molding yas, thaiv molding yas, lossis thermoplastic. Cov txheej txheem kho tshuab rov qab muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab cov nqi peev tsawg. Nws tsis tsim cov pa phem ib puag ncig tshiab thaum rov qab cov fiber ntau thiab cob. Txawm li cas los xij, lub zog siv hluav taws xob ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov fiber ntau thaum lub sij hawm sib cais ntawm cov resin thiab fiber ntau, thiab qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm fiber ntau tuav tau qis.
(2) Thaum tshav kub kub rov qab txoj kev. Raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv, txoj kev rov ua kom sov tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov txheej txheem thermal decomposition, fluidized txaj thermal decomposition method, thiab microwave thermal decomposition method. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog decompose cov resin rau hauv me me molecular tebchaw nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tshav kub zog.
① High-temperature thermal decomposition method. Ua ntej, CFRP pov tseg yog ua rau hauv cov khoom tawg hauv qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog siv tshuab. Cov tawg yog rhuab mus rau 600 ± 200 degree nyob rau hauv lub inert gas cua, thiab cov resin decomposed mus rau hauv uas tsis muaj molecular pyrolysis roj thiab pyrolysis roj nyob rau hauv lub mob tsis muaj oxygen. Cov pa roj pyrolysis feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm carbon dioxide, hydrogen, thiab methane. Tom qab ntawd txhaj qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov pa oxygen rau hauv lub cev, kom cov roj molecular combustible combustion tsawg, combustion generated tshav kub tseem muab hluav taws xob rau lub cev. Cov pa oxygen hauv cov khoom nkag yuav tsum tau tswj kom muaj nuj nqis. Kev noj cov pa oxygen ntau dhau yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm lub cev. Lub caij no, nws tseem yuav ua rau peroxidation ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide recycled thiab txo cov khoom siv ntawm fiber ntau. Cov pa oxygen tsawg dhau lawm, thiab cov residual resin thiab pyrolytic roj ntawm fiber ntau tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tag nrho, uas cuam tshuam rau fiber ntau. Qhov kub ntawm high-temperature pyrolysis nyob ntawm seb hom resin. Feem ntau, polyester resin tuaj yeem decompose ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thaum epoxy resin yuav tsum decompose ntawm qhov kub siab dua. Vim hais tias ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab kev rov zoo siab, cov txheej txheem thermal decomposition tau siv rau hauv kev lag luam. Tom qab kev kho mob ntawm high-temperature thermal decomposition, tus du nto ntawm lub luv carbon fiber yuav tau, tab sis tom qab kev kho mob ntawm cov fiber yuav tshwm sim txawv degrees ntawm oxidation, thiab cov nto ntawm cov fiber tej zaum carbon deposition, cuam tshuam rau cov neeg kho tshuab zog. ntawm fiber.
② Fluidized txaj thermal decomposition txoj kev. Cov txheej txheem ntawm CFRP rov qab los ntawm fluidized txaj thermal decomposition yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 1. Cov khoom sib xyaw yog imported los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg thiab ntxiv rau lub txaj fluidized. Cov resin nyob rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw yog decomposed ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv cov huab cua kub khiav, thiab cov decomposed pyrolysis roj yog txuas ntxiv raws li lub tshav kub zog ntawm lub system los ntawm combustion. Tom qab thermal decomposition, carbon fiber thiab resin hais yog zoo tu qab tso nyob rau hauv lub cyclone separator. Lub thermal flow yuav siv cov fiber ntau rov qab mus rau lub tank fiber ntau, thaum cov khoom siv refractory yog nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub txaj fluidized. Lub CFRP ua tiav los ntawm fluidized txaj pyrolysis feem ntau yog 2 ~ 3cm² hauv qhov loj, uas tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus rau lub txaj fluidized kom ua tiav cov khoom siv tas mus li, thiab cov roj carbon fiber luv luv tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab. Kev sib txhuam ntawm cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib cais thiab cov pa roj sib txuas hauv lub txaj fluidized thiab cov fiber ntau yuav ua rau qee qhov kev puas tsuaj, yog li lub zog tensile ntawm cov fiber ntau tom qab qhov kev kho no yuav raug txo los ntawm 1/4.
③ Microwave thermal decomposition txoj kev. CFRP tau muab tso rau hauv lub microwave irradiation teb, thiab cov resin tau rhuab los ntawm microwave kom degrade rau hauv me me molecular tebchaw. Txoj kev microwave thermal decomposition tuaj yeem ua kom luv luv lub sij hawm xav tau rau cov pa roj carbon fiber rov qab, cov khoom siv me me, thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yooj yim.
(3) Txoj kev hnyav rov qab. Txoj kev hnyav rov qab yog hais txog cov resin hauv CFRP pov tseg hauv cov kuab tshuaj poob mus rau hauv cov tshuaj soluble, los ntawm kev degradation thiab dissolution ntawm resin kom ua tiav qhov sib cais ntawm fiber ntau thiab resin, carbon fiber tom qab ntxuav, thiab ziab kom rov qab fiber ntau. Txoj kev hnyav rov qab feem ntau tau muab faib ua cov txheej txheem hnyav hnyav hauv ib txwm muaj siab thiab supercritical hnyav txoj kev nyob rau hauv siab.
① Cov txheej txheem hnyav hnyav. Txoj kev hnyav hnyav siv nitric acid thiab cawv raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnyav ntawm degradation resin nyob rau hauv atmospheric siab, uas yog yooj yim hauv kev khiav hauj lwm thiab tsis tshua muaj nqi ntawm cov khoom siv. Cov fiber ntau rov qab yeej tswj hwm qhov ntev fiber ntau thiab tuaj yeem siv dua li cov fiber ntau ntev hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sij hawm degradation ntawm resin nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj yog ntev dua, thiab kev kho cov kuab tshuaj pov tseg tom qab siv yog qhov nyuaj, uas ua rau cov nqi rov qab thiab yooj yim ua rau muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig. Raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, cov resin siv sib txawv, thiab cov txheej txheem siv txawv.
② Supercritical hnyav txoj kev. Thaum qhov kub thiab siab ntawm cov khoom muaj ntau tshaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov tshwj xeeb lub xeev ntawm siab compressibility, siab solubility, siab permeability, siab diffusivity, tsawg ntom, thiab tsawg viscosity yog hu ua "supercritical state", thiab cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv no. lub xeev hu ua "supercritical hnyav". Cov CFRP pov tseg resin tau degraded los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj supercritical nrog siab solubility thiab siab permeability ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer, thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm carbon fiber rov qab tau paub. Siv txoj kev rov ua dua no, fiber ntau nto yog du, fiber ntau tswj qhov ntev ntev, fiber ntau kev ua haujlwm siab, cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tsis tsim cov pa phem tshiab, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntsuab. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv thov ntawm txoj kev no yuav tsum muaj kev nqis peev loj hauv cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov txheej txheem hnyav, thiab nws tseem nyob hauv chav kuaj ib ntus thiab tsis tau hloov mus rau hauv kev lag luam.
Kev cia siab
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm carbon fiber ntau lawm technology, carbon fiber ntau lawm nce nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tus nqi ntau lawm yog maj txo, nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb yuav nce mus ntxiv, thiab CFRP rov qab thiab rov siv dua tau dhau los ua ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb txwv tsis pub siv cov pa roj carbon ntau. fiber ntau.
