Polyamide, feem ntau hu ua nylon, lossis PA luv luv, yog qhov muaj zog polarity, yooj yim-rau-ua hydrogen bonds ntawm molecules thiab reactive crystalline polymer nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob. Nws muaj cov khoom siv zoo heev, hnav tsis kam, roj ua haujlwm, nws tus kheej lubrication, thiab zoo molding ua thiab corrosion kuj. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov muaj zog polarity ntawm PA, nws cov dej nqus dej yog qhov loj, uas cuam tshuam rau cov khoom hluav taws xob thiab qhov ntev ntawm PA. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kub tsis kam thiab qhov kub thiab txias cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm PA kuj yuav tsum tau txhim kho.
Lub reactivity ntawm PA ua rau nws yooj yim los hloov. Nws tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw lossis cov alloys los ntawm kev siv fiber ntau, inorganic filling thiab sib xyaw nrog lwm cov polymers lossis ntau hom polyamides.
1.Polyamide filling hloov pauv
PA filling kev hloov kho yog raws li polyamide resin raws li cov khoom siv hauv paus, los ntawm kev ntxiv fiber ntau, ntuj lossis hluavtaws muab tub lim los hloov kho, feem ntau tuaj yeem muab faib ua fiber ntau reinforcement, natural mineral reinforcement thiab synthetic filler 3 yam:
(1) Fiber reinforcement yog siv cov iav fiber ntau, carbon fiber thiab asbestos fiber, thiab lwm yam.
(2) Kev txhim kho pob zeb ntuj yog siv cov calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, kaolin, talc, zeolite, thiab lwm yam.
(3) Cov khoom siv hluavtaws tau ntim nrog molybdenum disulfide, graphite, silicone hmoov, polytetrafluoroethylene thiab lwm yam.
Cov khoom sib npaug ntau dua nrog cov khoom siv dav dav tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev siv ob qho tib si fiber ntau thiab muab tub lim-reinforced nylon.
Lub zog txhawb zog ntawm nylon resin tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muab tub lim yog nyob ntawm qhov loj me, cov duab, qhov ntev-inch ratio, thiab tus neeg saib xyuas kev kho deg ntawm cov muab tub lim. Ntau hom kev muab tub lim xws li inorganic natural minerals, industrial pov tseg, cog fibers, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txo tus nqi thiab txhim kho lub cev thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, tab sis kuj txo qhov cuam tshuam, tensile lub zog, nto gloss thiab ua fluidity. ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw.
Cov nyhuv ntawm cov khoom ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv resin
(1) Particle puab
Cov fillers nrog loj transverse thiab transverse nto, xws li fibrous, columnar thiab wafer, ua rau lub machining zog tsis zoo tab sis muaj txiaj ntsig los txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm PA. Amorphous npas thiab hmoov tuaj yeem txhim kho lub tshuab ua haujlwm, tab sis txo cov khoom siv tshuab.
(2) Particle loj
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws particle loj ntau ntawm packing yog 0.1 ~ 10 mm. Qhov me me me me yog qhov ua tau zoo rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab, qhov ruaj khov, qhov ci ntsa iab thiab hnov ntawm cov khoom, tab sis qhov loj me me dhau lawm, nws yuav nyuaj rau disperse.
Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb ntau lawm, qhov loj me me ntawm cov muab tub lim yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li hom yas thiab lub peev xwm dispersion ntawm cov khoom siv.
(3) particle deg cheeb tsam
Muaj ntau lub luag haujlwm ntawm fillers muaj feem xyuam rau lawv qhov chaw. Feem ntau, qhov nce ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov muab tub lim yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov adsorption ntawm surfactants, dispersants, deg modifiers thiab polar polymers los yog tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov chaw muab tub lim.
(4) Hnav cov khoom ntim khoom
Cov muab tub lim yuav ua rau kom cov khoom siv nrawm nrawm dua, tab sis kuj ua rau cov viscosity yaj nce ntxiv, yog li qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov roj nplua nyeem thiab stabilizer yuav tsum tsim nyog ntxiv rau hauv cov mis.
Kev hloov kho thiab kev siv PA66
Polyamide PA66 (polyadipyladipdiamine), feem ntau hu ua nylon66, zoo ib yam li PA6, uas yog ib qho polymer uas muaj cov pab pawg amide nyob rau hauv qhov rov ua dua ntawm cov saw tseem ceeb ntawm macromolecule. Polyamide PA66 yog ib qho ntawm tsib engineering plastics nrog cov zis ntau tshaj plaws, ntau yam loj tshaj plaws thiab siv ntau yam.
Polyamide PA66 cov khoom muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj xim zoo nkauj thiab tuaj yeem ua tau raws li ntau yam kev cai ntawm cov xim sib xws. Lub shrinkage tus nqi ntawm PA66 yog 1 feem pua ~ 2 feem pua, thiab tus nqi shrinkage yuav raug txo mus rau 0.2 feem pua ~ 1 feem pua los ntawm kev ntxiv iav fiber ntau additives. Shrinkage sib txawv heev nyob rau hauv cov kev coj ntawm ntws thiab perpendicular mus rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm ntws.
PA66 yog soluble rau ntau cov kuab tshuaj, tab sis tsis muaj zog rau cov kua qaub thiab qee cov tshuaj chlorinated. Cov nplaim retardancy ntawm PA66 yog qhov zoo heev, thiab cov nplaim hluav taws kub sib txawv tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov nplaim hluav taws sib txawv.
Kev hloov kho PA66 yog dav siv hauv tshuab, ntsuas, tsheb qhov chaw, khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, tsheb ciav hlau, khoom siv hauv tsev, kev sib txuas lus, tshuab spinning, cov khoom ua si thiab kev lom zem, roj tubing, roj tank thiab qee yam khoom siv engineering, feem ntau suav nrog tsheb, khoom siv hluav taws xob. , cov khoom siv thiab kev lag luam 3 teb.
(1) Lub tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau suav nrog cov kiv cua txias, qhov rooj qhov rooj, roj tank npog, noj cov grilles, dej tank npog, lub teeb tuav, thiab lwm yam.
(2) Lub teb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob feem ntau suav nrog cov khoom sib txuas, cov hlua khi, lub sijhawm, npog npog, hloov vaj tse, thiab lwm yam.
(3) Cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom lag luam feem ntau suav nrog cov tsheb kauj vab, skate soles, textile shuttles, pedals, pulleys, bearings, kiv cua, thiab lwm yam.
Kev hloov kho thiab kev siv PA6
Polyamide PA6 (polycaprolactam) feem ntau hu ua nylon 6, cov khoom siv yog ib qho translucent lossis opaque crystalline polymer, qhov ntom ntawm 1.12 ~ 1.14kg / m3, nrog rau cov thermoplasticity muaj zog, lub teeb yuag, zoo toughness, tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab durability, tab sis kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv nram qab no. .
(1) Muaj zog txhua yam, zoo toughness, siab tensile thiab compressive zog.
(2) Kev qaug zog zoo heev, cov khoom tuaj yeem tswj tau lub zog qub qub tom qab rov kho dua.
(3) Corrosion kuj, tiv taus alkali thiab feem ntau cov ntsev, kuj tiv taus cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog, roj, roj av, cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab cov kuab tshuaj.
(4) Smooth nto, me me kev sib txhuam coefficient, hnav-resistant. Raws li cov khoom siv txav txav, nws muaj nws tus kheej lubrication, tsis tshua muaj suab nrov, thiab tsis ntxiv roj nplua nyeem thaum muaj kev sib txhuam tsis zoo.
(5) Kev tua tus kheej, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj ntxhiab, huab cua tsis zoo, inert rau lom neeg yaig, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob zoo, tiv thaiv mildew.
(6) Kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob zoo heev. Zoo hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, nylon ntim kuj yog siab, siab breakdown voltage kuj, nyob rau hauv qhuav ib puag ncig, yuav siv tau raws li lub hwj chim zaus rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv, txawm nyob rau hauv high humidity ib puag ncig tseem muaj hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev zoo.
(7) Lub teeb yuag, yooj yim rau xim, yooj yim rau daim ntawv. Vim tias tsis muaj melting viscosity, nws tuaj yeem ntws sai.
Kev hloov kho PA6 yog dav siv hauv tsheb, khoom siv tshuab, khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, engineering accessories thiab lwm yam khoom siv, feem ntau suav nrog tsheb, khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, kev lag luam machinery 3 teb.
(1) Lub tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau suav nrog lub thawv hluav taws xob, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lub tshuab nqus dej, lub qhov rooj kov, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam.
(2) Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau suav nrog cov pob txha pob txha, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob qis hluav taws xob, lub davhlau ya nyob twg, thiab lwm yam.
(3) Kev lag luam kev lag luam feem ntau suav nrog cov kabmob, lub voj voog, txhua yam ntawm cov menyuam, cov roj-resistant sealing gaskets, roj-resistant ntim, bearing tawb, thiab lwm yam.
2.Polyamide kev hloov kho
Los ntawm txoj kev siv tshuab, lwm cov polymers tau ntxiv rau cov khoom tsim tawm los hloov nws cov khoom, uas yog hu ua blending modification. Hauv kev hloov kho kev sib xyaw, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov kev hloov pauv xav tau tuaj yeem ua tiav tsuas yog thaum lub tshuab ua tsis tiav polyphase tau tsim thiab ob lub polymers sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ib leeg.
PA yog sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv dav dav
Kev sib xyaw ntawm PA thiab PE tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov cuam tshuam ntawm PE rau oxygen, hydrocarbon, thiab lwm yam kuab tshuaj, tab sis kev sib raug zoo ntawm PA thiab PE tsis zoo vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv molecular.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm PA thiab PP tuaj yeem txhim kho cov xim xim thiab huab cua nruj. Hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov polymers sib txawv. Thaum ob lub polymers sib xyaw nrog cov tsis zoo sib xws, feem ntau nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib feem peb uas muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog ob qho tib si polymers, thiab qhov thib peb yog hu ua compatibilizer.
Nylon-6 thiab polypropylene compatibility yog tsis zoo, tsuas yog los ntawm mechanical quab yuam yog tsis yooj yim sua kom sib tov tusyees. Lub sijhawm no, yog tias muaj me me ntawm polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride ntxiv, vim muaj tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm maleic anhydride thiab amide pawg nylon -6, kev sib raug zoo ntawm nylon -6 thiab polypropylene zoo heev. .
PA yog sib xyaw nrog PPO
Polyphenyl ether (PPO) yog ib qho zoo heev thermoplastic engineering yas nrog zoo thermodynamic zog. PPO tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm -160 ~ 190 degree . Tsis tas li ntawd, PPO kuj muaj lub cev zoo thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab qhov ruaj khov. Nws qhov tsis zoo yog cov yaj viscosity siab, cov dej tsis zoo, kev ua haujlwm thiab tsim cov teeb meem, thiab kev siv zog siab, yog li nws txwv tsis pub siv cov tswv yim thiab kev txhawb nqa PPO.
Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm PPO thiab nthuav dav nws daim ntawv thov, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hloov kho PPO. Kev hloov kho sib xyaw yog qhov kev hloov kho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm PPO tam sim no.
Rau PPO / PS thiab PPO / HIPS alloys, txawm hais tias lawv muaj lub zog tensile siab, khoov lub zog, kev cuam tshuam lub zog thiab lwm yam khoom zoo, tab sis lawv cov thermal deformation kub yog qis, roj kuj thiab hnyav kuj tsis zoo (xws li halide cymbals). Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim PPO / PA (polyamide), PPO / PBT (poly butanediol terephthalate) thiab lwm cov tshuab tsis sib xws, thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov polymers.
Polyphenyl ether muaj cov cua kub zoo heev, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, qhov ruaj khov thiab dej tsis kam, tab sis cov roj tsis kam thiab hnyav tsis kam; PA muaj cov khoom siv zoo heev, roj tsis kam, hnyav ua haujlwm thiab hnav tsis kam, tab sis nws qhov ruaj khov, kev nqus dej noo thiab thermal deformation tsis kam nyob rau hauv siab load tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, cov hlau ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ob cov resins tuaj yeem ua rau lawv qhov tsis zoo, tab sis qhov sib xws ntawm PA thiab PPO tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv qhov sib xws los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke.
